An attacker uses a guest account to exploit a weakness that enables the attacker to...

Definition of Elevation of Privilege Attack:

This attack occurs when an attacker exploits vulnerabilities in systems to escalate their permissions beyond what they are authorized for, gaining access to sensitive data or control over the system.

Example in the Scenario:

The attacker uses a guest account, a low-privilege account, to exploit a system weakness and escalate their privileges, altering user account information.

Incorrect Options Analysis:

A. Packet tampering: Involves altering data packets, not access rights.

B. Spoofing: Involves impersonation, not privilege escalation.

D. Hoaxing: Refers to deceptive scams, unrelated to access rights.

References and Documents of Information Technology Management:

"Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities and Exploits" (CIS Controls).

ITIL Risk Management Framework (Axelos).