What are the basic components of the PON system?

A Passive Optical Network (PON) system consists of three primary components:

OLT (Optical Line Terminal):The central device located at the service provider's premises. It connects to the core network and manages communication with multiple ONUs.

ONU (Optical Network Unit):The customer-side device located at the user's premises. It converts optical signals into electrical signals for end-user devices.

ODN (Optical Distribution Network):The passive infrastructure that includes optical fibers, splitters, and connectors to distribute signals between the OLT and ONUs.

WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) is a technology used in optical networks but is not a basic component of a PON system. It is often used in advanced PON systems like XG-PON or NG-PON2 to separate upstream and downstream wavelengths.

References:

ITU-T G.984 Standard - PON Architecture

Huawei PON System Design Guide