The fundamental difference between cost–benefit evaluation in the public and private sectors lies in how benefits are defined and measured. In data-driven decision making, private-sector projects primarily focus on revenue generation and profitability, making option C the correct distinction.
Private organizations evaluate benefits using measurable financial outcomes such as revenue, profit margins, and return on investment. These metrics provide clear, quantifiable indicators of success. In contrast, public-sector projects often aim to maximize general public welfare, including social, environmental, and economic benefits that are more difficult to quantify monetarily.
Public-sector benefits may include improved public health, safety, education, or trust in government—outcomes that do not translate directly into revenue. Therefore, while costs are measurable in both sectors, benefits differ substantially in nature.
Options A and B are incorrect because public-sector costs are not minimal and public benefits are often difficult to quantify. Option D incorrectly assigns public welfare to private projects. Thus, the correct answer is C.
