Which of the following formulas should a reviewer use to calculate defect yield for a...

Defect yield measures how effective a review, inspection, or early defect removal activity is at finding defects before they escape to later phases. In software quality engineering, yield is usually expressed as a percentage of defects removed compared with the defects present or injected for that activity or phase. Option A is the only formula that represents a percentage of defects removed before compilation compared with defects injected before compilation. This directly reflects review effectiveness before later testing activities begin. Option B compares rates across phases but does not calculate yield. Options C and D use time rather than defects, so they measure effort allocation, not defect removal effectiveness. Therefore, A is correct.