In the HRPA Human Resources Competency Framework (Functional Domain: Reporting and Financial Management), HR professionals are expected to assess, justify, and manage investments in HR technology systems (HRIS).
While cost-benefit analysis and risk management are quantifiable, demonstrating improvement in overall organizational effectiveness is the most difficult justification, because it involves indirect and long-term impacts (e.g., employee satisfaction, process efficiency, and decision-making quality).
Extract:
“The greatest challenge in HR technology investment decisions lies in quantifying the strategic and organizational effectiveness gains resulting from system implementation.”
(HRPA Competency Framework – Reporting and Financial Management, CHRP Level, Key Competency: Evaluate and Implement HR Information Systems)
Therefore, D. Showing improvement in the organization's effectiveness is correct, as it is complex to measure and justify financially compared to direct cost or risk-related factors.
Verified Reference Summary:
HRPA Human Resources Competency Framework – Reporting and Financial Management
CHRP Knowledge Exam Blueprint – HR Technology and Systems
HRPA Exam Preparation Guide – HRIS Cost-Benefit and Value Assessment