The correct answer is C .
In AgilePM, VUCA-based risks are those driven by external volatility, uncertainty, complexity, or ambiguity in the environment. New legislation is a classic example of this because it originates outside the project and can force reprioritization, redesign, resource shifts, and rapid adaptation.
In this scenario, the new food hygiene laws are:
external to the project ,
time-bound , since they take effect in six months,
and capable of creating unplanned work , such as kitchen remodeling and resource diversion.
That makes this a VUCA-based risk , not an approach-based one.
Why C is correct:
The key reason is that the trigger is new legislation , which is an environmental change outside the project team’s control. AgilePM recognizes that such external changes can emerge during delivery and require the project to remain adaptable.
The possible impact here includes:
reassessing scope,
reassigning Infrastructure Team capacity,
reviewing compliance obligations,
and potentially adjusting delivery priorities.
That is exactly the kind of situation where AgilePM’s flexibility is valuable.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A. Approach-based, because past Project Increment planning failed to account for regulatory change, causing lack of contingency and resource risks.
This is not the best answer because the scenario does not say the team negligently ignored a known requirement. The key issue is the emergence of new laws , which is primarily an external uncertainty rather than a failure of method.
B. Approach-based, because Sukra Aroon should have tracked evolving legislation from the start to mitigate the risk.
This is also not the best answer. Even though compliance awareness is important, the fundamental source of the risk is still the external regulatory change , not simply Sukra’s handling of it.
D. VUCA-based, because gaps in internal compliance cause uncertainty in responding to changing regulations.
This is weaker than C because it shifts the cause toward an internal gap. The scenario itself emphasizes the introduction of new food hygiene laws , which is the main source of uncertainty and disruption.
AgilePM perspective:
AgilePM is designed to help teams respond to changing external conditions without losing focus on business value. Regulatory changes often require:
rapid reassessment,
collaborative decision-making,
flexible reprioritization,
and attention to compliance without abandoning the overall project goals.
Since this risk is caused by external legislation , the correct classification is VUCA-based .
Therefore, the best answer is C .
