Cost reduction can be MOST consistently achieved by

Consistent cost reduction is best achieved byeliminating unnecessary or non-value-adding processes, streamlining operations for efficiency. The IASP SPP curriculum highlights process optimization as a sustainable cost control strategy, unlike aggressive supplier pressure or workforce cuts, which can harm quality or morale. IT investments can enable cost reduction but are not guaranteed.【IASP SPP Study Guide - Cost Management】【Deming, Total Quality Management】