The Salesforce Admin needs to automate a process that sends an approval request to the...

Based on Salesforce's official documentation, the best approach to initiate an approval request based on a field value change is by using Process Builder. The admin can configure a process on the Account object that listens for changes to the Type field. When the value changes from "Prospect" to "Customer," the process can then execute an action to automatically submit the record for approval.

Process Builder supports the "Submit for Approval" action, which is the only declarative (point-and-click) tool in Salesforce that allows direct submission of records into an approval process without writing code. This makes it ideal for the described scenario.

Option A: Involves Apex, but there is no need to write custom code for this standard use case.

Option B: While Flows can update field values and send emails, Flows cannot directly submit a record into an approval process without additional custom logic or invocable actions.

Option C: While it suggests using a Flow, standard Flows do not have a built-in “Submit for Approval” action like Process Builder does.

Option D: Correctly uses a Process to monitor the change and submit the record for approval, aligning with recommended best practices from Salesforce.

Reference Extracts from Salesforce Process Automation Documents / Study Guide:

“Use Process Builder to automatically submit a record for approval when it meets specific criteria.”

“Flows do not directly support submission for approval without using Apex or invocable methods.”

“Approval processes are best triggered using declarative tools such as Process Builder for field change monitoring.”