Which of the following explain why standard costing is less appropriate in the contemporary business...

Which of the following explain why standard costing is less appropriate in the contemporary business environment?

1. In a continuous improvement environment standard costing can restrict the impetus to remain as cost competitive as rivals.

2. Fixed overhead variances are less relevant as fixed costs represent a decreasing proportion of total manufacturing cost.

3. In a just-in-time environment there are fewer costs to control.