What is the function of the TTL (Time to Live) field in IPv4 and the...

These fields are decremented each time a packet is retransmitted to minimize the possibility of routing loops.

These fields are initialized to an initial value to prevent packet fragmentation and fragmentation attacks.

These fields are recalculated based on the required time for a packet to arrive at its destination.

These fields are incremented each time a packet is transmitted to indicate the number of routers that an IP packet has traversed.