An attacker writes a program that enters a large number of characters into the password...

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

This is a classic description of a buffer overflow attack (B), where an attacker inputs excessive data into a field to overwrite memory and inject commands, potentially gaining unauthorized access.

(A) Man-in-the-Middle intercepts communications but doesn’t involve input fields directly.

(C) Cross-site scripting involves injecting malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

(D) Fuzzing is a testing technique, not an attack that grants access.

GICSP highlights buffer overflows as a critical vulnerability affecting ICS software and web interfaces.