An organization gathers data using various technologies to optimize sales processes for its current and...

Consumer profiling is the practice of collecting and analyzing consumer data—including demographic, geographic, and behavioral attributes—to optimize sales strategies, enhance marketing efforts, and personalize customer experiences.

In this scenario, the organization gathers various types of customer data to improve its sales processes, which is a clear example of consumer profiling rather than surveillance or workplace monitoring.

Privacy and Data Ethics (GDPR, CCPA) – Consumer profiling raises ethical concerns about informed consent, transparency, and data protection.

Big Data Ethics (Tene & Polonetsky, 2012) – Ethical consumer profiling must ensure fair use, avoidance of bias, and non-discriminatory practices.

Utilitarian vs. Deontological Perspectives – While profiling improves customer experiences, it must not violate privacy rights or enable unethical targeting.

ACM Code of Ethics – Encourages responsible collection, use, and protection of consumer data.

Relevant Ethical References in Technology:Thus, since the company is gathering consumer data to optimize sales, the correct answer is D. Consumer profiling.