Carol is a new employee at ApTech Sol Inc.

The scenario described is an example of Role Based Access Control (RBAC). In RBAC, access decisions are based on the roles that individual users have within an organization and the permissions that accompany those roles1.

In this case, Carol, as a new employee, has been assigned a user role that does not include administrator privileges. The access control policy in place requires administrator privileges for installing applications, which means that only users with an ‘administrator’ role have the rights to install software. This is a typical RBAC policy, where permissions to perform certain actions within the system are not assigned to individual users directly but are based on the roles assigned to them within the company.

The other options do not fit the scenario as well as RBAC:

A. Mandatory Access Control (MAC): In MAC, access rights are regulated by a central authority based on multiple levels of security.Users cannot change access permissions.

B. Rule Based Access Control (RB-RAC): This is similar to RBAC but is driven by rules that trigger under certain conditions, not explicitly mentioned in the scenario.

C. Discretionary Access Control (DAC): In DAC, the owner of the resource determines who is allowed to access it, which is not indicated in the scenario provided.

Therefore, the correct answer is D, Role Based Access Control (RBAC), as it aligns with the policy of assigning installation rights based on the user’s role within the company.