A company stores a large dataset in an Amazon S3 bucket.

Amazon Athena charges per amount of data scanned by each query. When the same query with identical parameters is executed multiple times, re-scanning the data repeatedly increases both cost and execution time. Athena provides query result reuse, which allows previously computed query results to be reused when an identical query is rerun within a configurable time window.

By enabling query result reuse at the Athena workgroup level, Athena automatically returns cached results instead of re-reading data from Amazon S3. This significantly improves query performance while reducing data scan costs. This feature is specifically designed for workloads where analysts frequently rerun complex queries with the same parameters, which directly matches the scenario.

Converting data to JSON would degrade performance because JSON is not a columnar format and increases scan size. Using Amazon EMR introduces unnecessary infrastructure management and cost for a query optimization problem that Athena already solves natively. Amazon Redshift Spectrum is intended for querying S3 data from within Redshift and does not address repeated-query optimization in Athena.

Therefore, configuring query result reuse in the Athena workgroup is the most cost-effective and operationally efficient solution.