Your organization is backing up data to a backup infrastructure in a cloud environment using...

A remote backup service refers to a model in which a client-side backup agent, installed within the organization's own environment, transfers data across a network connection to backup infrastructure hosted by a cloud provider, physically located outside the organization's own premises. The scenario describes exactly this: a cloud backup agent moving on-premises or client data to backup infrastructure residing in the cloud, which matches the defining characteristic of a remote backup service, data originating locally and being protected at a remotely hosted destination via an agent-based transfer mechanism. Local backup service (A) describes protecting data to storage that remains within the organization's own physical premises, the opposite of what the scenario describes, since the destination here is explicitly cloud-based infrastructure, not a local target. Replicated backup service (C) is not a standard, distinctly defined cloud backup service category in this context and does not precisely describe the agent-based, remote transfer mechanism at play. Cloud-to-cloud backup (D) specifically describes protecting data that already originates within one cloud (such as SaaS application data) by copying it to a separate cloud environment, a different scenario from an on-premises agent backing up to cloud infrastructure, which is the case described here. Remote backup service is correct.

Reference topic: Cloud-based Data Protection - Cloud Backup Service Models.