A company needs to restore a specific directory from a backup.

Recovery operations are categorized by the granularity of data being restored. A directory, a logical grouping of files and folders within a filesystem, is restored using file-level recovery, which selectively retrieves specific files or folder structures from the backup catalog without touching unrelated data or requiring a full-system rebuild. This is the appropriate and most efficient method when the requirement is narrowly scoped to a subset of the filesystem rather than an entire volume or machine. Block-level recovery (A) restores data at the storage block granularity, typically used for database or application-consistent recovery scenarios where the internal structure of a file (such as a database data file) matters more than filesystem-level organization; it is not the natural fit for restoring a directory of files. Image-level recovery (B) restores an entire captured system image, including the operating system, applications, and all data, and is used when the whole machine (commonly a virtual machine) needs to be brought back, which is far broader in scope than the stated need. Full system recovery (D) similarly restores the complete environment and is reserved for catastrophic loss scenarios. File-level recovery correctly matches the scope of restoring a specific directory.

Reference topic: Data Backup and Deduplication - Recovery Granularity (File, Block, and Image-Level Recovery).