Main Topic:Designing for Specific ApplicationsQuestion:What are some common problems with short (12 or fewer characters)...

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Short ASCII passphrases, especially those 12 characters or fewer, are more vulnerable to dictionary attacks. Attackers can use precomputed tables or brute-force methods to guess these passphrases, especially if they are common or simple. The WPA/WPA2-Personal security model relies on the strength of the passphrase; thus, longer and more complex passphrases significantly enhance security.

Option B:The strength of group keys in a BSS is not directly affected by the length of the passphrase but rather by the encryption protocols in use.

Option C:Regardless of the passphrase length, the Pairwise Master Key (PMK) derived is 256 bits.

Option D:Most AP and client vendors support ASCII-based passphrase entry, making this option incorrect.