Which of the following statements describes an advantage of bi-directional traceability between requirements / user...

Bi-directional traceability is a fundamental concept in requirements engineering and test management. It refers to the ability to trace:

Forward: From requirements/user stories to corresponding test cases (to ensure all requirements are covered).

Backward: From test cases to the requirements they validate (to ensure every test aligns with a requirement).

According to the ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level and Acceptance Testing syllabi, bi-directional traceability is essential to manage test coverage and ensure completeness. It allows project managers and product owners to assess whether all specified requirements/user stories have been covered by appropriate test cases, helping to identify any untested functionality.

This also supports impact analysis during change management — knowing which test cases will be affected by a change in a requirement.

Option B is correct because it precisely captures this benefit. While Option C refers to reviewing test cases against acceptance criteria (a valid review activity), the bi-directional traceability's key benefit from a management and quality assurance perspective is traceability for coverage.