Answer: There are four major uses of quantitative data (i.e., measurement):
1. Manage and control the process.
A process is a series of tasks performed to produce deliverables or products. IT processes usually combine a skilled analyst with the tasks defined in the process. In addition, each time a process is executed it normally produces a different product or service from what was built by the same process at another time. For example, the same software development process may be followed to produce two different applications. Management may need to adapt the process for each product or service built, and needs to know that when performed, the process will produce the desired product or service.
2. Manage and control the product.
Quality is an attribute of a product. Quality level must be controlled from the start of the process through the conclusion of the process. Control requires assuring that the specified requirements are implemented, and that the delivered product is what the customer expects and needs.
3. Improve the process.
The most effective method for improving quality and productivity is to improve the processes. Improved processes have a multiplier effect because everyone that uses the improved process gains from the improvement. Quantitative data gathered during process execution can identify process weaknesses, and, therefore, opportunities for improvement.
. Manage the risks.
Risk is the opportunity for something to go wrong - for example, newly purchased software will not work as stated, projects will be delivered late, or workers assigned to a project do not possess the skills needed to successfully complete it. Management needs to understand each risk, know the probability of the risk occurring, know the potential consequences if the risk occurs, and understand the probability of success based upon different management actions.
