Which of the following is an attack that occurs when a malicious program causes a...

Cross-site request forgery (CSRF or XSRF) is an attack that tricks the victim's browser into executing unauthorized actions on a website where they are currently authenticated. In this scenario, the attacker exploits the trust that a site has in the user's browser, effectively forcing the browser to perform actions without the user's knowledge or consent. For example, if the user is logged into their bank's website, an attacker could craft a malicious request to transfer funds without the user's direct interaction. CSRF attacks rely on authenticated sessions and typically target state-changing requests to compromise user or application data.

References:The Certified Incident Handler (CREST CPTIA) curriculum by EC-Council discusses various web-based attacks, including CSRF, detailing their mechanisms, implications, and preventive measures to safeguard against such threats.