Surveillance methods in patient safety monitor risks or events, with different approaches based on how data is collected.
Option A (Retrospective): Retrospective surveillance reviews past data, not specifically relying on others to report.
Option B (Passive): This is the correct answer. The NAHQ CPHQ study guide states, “Passive surveillance relies on voluntary reporting of safety concerns by individuals, such as staff or patients, without active data collection” (Domain 1). Examples include incident reports submitted by others.
Option C (Prospective): Prospective surveillance plans for future data collection, not relying on others’ reports.
Option D (Active): Active surveillance involves proactive data collection (e.g., audits), not waiting for reports.
CPHQ Objective Reference: Domain 1: Patient Safety, Objective 1.7, “Implement surveillance methods for safety,” includes passive surveillance for voluntary reporting. The NAHQ study guide notes, “Passive surveillance depends on others to report safety issues” (Domain 1).
Rationale: Passive surveillance relies on others’ reports, aligning with CPHQ’s safety monitoring principles.
[Reference: NAHQ CPHQ Study Guide, Domain 1: Patient Safety, Objective 1.7., , , ]
