Which AWS service or resource distributes incoming HTTP and HTTPS requests to multiple targets?

An Application Load Balancer is the Elastic Load Balancing option designed for application-layer traffic, including HTTP and HTTPS. It acts as a single point of contact for clients and distributes incoming application requests across healthy registered targets in one or more Availability Zones. Targets can include Amazon EC2 instances, IP addresses, and Lambda functions. Application Load Balancers also support content-based routing through listener rules, such as routing by URL path or host name. A Network Load Balancer primarily operates at the transport layer and is intended for protocols such as TCP, TLS, UDP, and TCP_UDP, although it can carry traffic used by applications. The question explicitly identifies incoming HTTP and HTTPS requests, making the Application Load Balancer the best answer. A NAT gateway enables resources, commonly those in private subnets, to initiate outbound network connections; it does not distribute inbound requests among application targets. AWS Transit Gateway connects VPCs and on-premises networks through a central network hub. It likewise is not an HTTP or HTTPS request-distribution service.