A Simple Power Analysis (SPA) attack against a device directly observes which of the following?

 A Simple Power Analysis (SPA) attack against a device directly observes the consumption of power by the device. SPA is a type of side channel attack that exploits the variations in the power consumption of a device, such as a smart card or a cryptographic module, to infer information about the operations or data processed by the device. SPA can reveal the type, length, or sequence of instructions executed by the device, or the value of the secret key or data used by the device. The other options are not directly observed by SPA, but rather different aspects or effects of power. Static discharge is the sudden flow of electricity between two objects with different electric potentials. Generation is the process of producing electric power from other sources of energy. Magnetism is the physical phenomenon of attraction or repulsion between magnetic materials or fields. References: CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, Eighth Edition, Chapter 10, p. 525; Official (ISC)2 CISSP CBK Reference, Fifth Edition, Chapter 3, p. 163.