Which are common channels used to circumvent sanctions?

Sanctions evasion commonly occurs through:

• Trade finance — manipulating bills of lading, transshipment, falsified documents.

• Correspondent banking — indirect access to the financial system through other banks.

• Shell companies — concealment of ownership, diversion of goods, and masking sanctioned parties.

Corporate, online, and retail banking may have risks but are not primary evasion channels highlighted in sanctions-evasion typologies.