The correct answer is B because it directly reflects the quality and effectiveness of the Management of Change (MOC) process , making it a strong leading indicator per CCPS guidance.
A key risk in MOC systems is the misclassification of changes as “replacement-in-kind” (RIK) when they actually introduce new hazards or modify process conditions. If changes are incorrectly categorized, they may bypass the formal MOC review process, meaning hazards are not evaluated, procedures are not updated, and training is not conducted. Tracking the percentage of misclassified work provides insight into how well personnel understand and apply MOC requirements and highlights weaknesses in the system before incidents occur.
Option A relates to operating procedures management, not specifically MOC effectiveness. C is an asset integrity (mechanical integrity) metric and is more of a lagging or compliance indicator. D does not measure performance or effectiveness—it only reflects data collection activity.
CCPS emphasizes that leading metrics should monitor critical activities that prevent incidents , such as correct identification and processing of changes. By identifying misclassification trends early, organizations can improve training, clarify definitions, and strengthen compliance with MOC procedures, thereby reducing process safety risk.
