Which characteristic is likely to bring more disruption in an organization-wide change initiative?

ACMP distinguishes between incremental and transformational change.Transformational change, particularly when it requires cultural shifts, causes the greatest disruption because it challenges organizational norms, values, and long-standing behaviors. New technology (D) or role changes (B) can be significant but typically occur within existing frameworks. Incremental changes (A) are small and evolutionary. Thus,transformational change with culture changeis the most disruptive.

(Reference: ACMP Standard, Introduction; Defines transformational change as a high-impact shift involving culture and behaviors, creating greater disruption than technical or incremental adjustments.)