According to the PMBOK® Guide, the Control Quality process is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality management activities to assess performance and ensure the project outputs are complete, correct, and meet customer expectations. To verify deliverables, the following tools and techniques are specifically utilized:
Inspection: This is the examination of a work product to determine if it conforms to documented standards. The results of an inspection generally include measurements and may be called reviews, peer reviews, audits, or walkthroughs. Inspection is the primary tool used to verify that deliverables are " correct. "
Statistical Sampling: This involves choosing part of a population of interest for inspection (e.g., selecting 10 random laptops out of a batch of 1,000 to check for defects). This is especially useful when the volume of deliverables is high or when inspection is destructive.
Meetings: Specifically, Lessons Learned or Review Meetings are used within Control Quality to discuss the results of the quality assessments, determine if the deliverables should be accepted or rejected, and decide if rework is necessary.
Why other options are incorrect:
Option B: While control charts are a tool for Control Quality, the Lessons learned register is a project document (often an input or output), not a tool or technique. " Product evaluation " is not a formal PMI process term; the correct term is Inspection.
Option C: Checklists are a valid tool. However, retrospective documents are primarily used in agile/adaptive environments during the " Manage Quality " or " Close Project " phases. Approved change requests are an input to the process (to verify they were implemented correctly), not a tool or technique itself.
Option D: Black box tests are a specific type of inspection but are not listed as a general tool in the PMBOK Guide. Questionnaires and surveys are typically tools for the " Collect Requirements " or " Manage Stakeholder Engagement " processes, and the Lessons learned register is an output/input, not a technique.
