Comprehensive Detailed Explanation with all SAP S/4HANA Cloud References
In SAP S/4HANA, ledgers are used to manage financial accounting data and support parallel accounting requirements (e.g., local GAAP vs. IFRS). Each ledger can be configured with specific currency types to meet reporting and compliance needs. Let’s analyze each option to determine which currency types can be defined for a specific ledger.
Explanation of Each Option:
B. 00 = Document currency
Correct : The document currency (currency type 00) is the currency in which a financial transaction is originally recorded. It is always available in every ledger because it ensures that the original transaction amount is preserved for reporting and reconciliation purposes.
For example, if an invoice is issued in USD, the document currency will be USD. This currency type is essential for maintaining accurate financial records.
Reference : According to SAP documentation, the document currency is stored in the Universal Journal (ACDOCA) and is a mandatory field for every financial posting.
D. 10 = Company code currency
Correct : The company code currency (currency type 10) is the default currency of the company code. It is automatically available in every ledger and is used as the primary currency for legal reporting and balance sheet preparation.
For example, if the company code currency is EUR, all postings are converted to EUR for reporting purposes, regardless of the document currency.
Reference : The company code currency is defined during the creation of the company code and is a key component of financial reporting at the company code level.
E. 30 = Group currency
Correct : The group currency (currency type 30) is used for consolidation purposes and represents the currency of the corporate group or headquarters. It can be defined for specific ledgers to support group reporting requirements, such as preparing consolidated financial statements.
For example, if the group currency is USD, financial data from multiple company codes can be converted to USD for consolidation.
Reference : Group currency is critical for external reporting under IFRS and is supported in SAP S/4HANA through ledger configuration.
A. 60 = Global company currency
Incorrect : The global company currency (currency type 60) is not a standard currency type in SAP S/4HANA. While some custom implementations might use this term, it is not officially recognized in SAP documentation for ledger configuration.
Reference : SAP S/4HANA supports predefined currency types like document currency, company code currency, and group currency, but global company currency is not part of the standard configuration.
C. 40 = Hard currency
Incorrect : Hard currency (currency type 40) is a special currency type used in countries with high inflation or currency instability. It is not typically defined for specific ledgers unless required by local regulations.
Reference : Hard currency is optional and is only relevant in specific scenarios, such as hyperinflationary economies. It is not a standard requirement for ledger configuration.
Key References to SAP S/4HANA Documentation:
SAP S/4HANA Finance for Parallel Accounting : Explains how different currency types are used in ledgers to support parallel accounting requirements.
SAP Help Portal - Currency Types in Ledgers : Provides detailed guidance on configuring currency types for specific ledgers.
Universal Journal (ACDOCA) : Highlights that document currency (00), company code currency (10), and group currency (30) are stored in the universal journal and are essential for financial reporting.
Group Reporting in SAP S/4HANA : Describes the use of group currency (30) for consolidation purposes.
