You have an Azure virtual network named VNetl that contains the following settings:• IPv4 address...

In Azure Virtual Networks (VNets), each subnet defines a range of IP addresses using CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation. The subnet mask determines how many IP addresses are available, but Azure reserves five addresses in every subnet for its internal operations.

Given the subnet range 172.16.10.0/25, the total number of IP addresses in the subnet can be calculated as follows:

A /25 subnet provides 128 IP addresses (2^(32-25) = 128).

Azure automatically reserves five IP addresses in each subnet:

The first address (172.16.10.0) is the network identifier.

The second through fourth addresses are reserved by Azure for default gateway and internal operations.

The last address (172.16.10.127) is the broadcast address.

That leaves 128 - 5 = 123 usable IP addresses for Azure virtual machines and other resources such as NICs, load balancers, or network interfaces.

This calculation and reservation rule are explicitly documented in the Microsoft Azure Virtual Network subnet documentation. Therefore, the maximum number of virtual machines (each using a single private IP address) that can connect to the subnet is 123.