Which tunnel protocol is used to secure communications over HTTPS?

TLS, or Transport Layer Security, is the protocol used to secure HTTPS communications. HTTPS is HTTP carried over TLS, which provides encryption, integrity protection, and server authentication through certificates. TLS prevents eavesdroppers from easily reading web traffic and helps ensure that clients are communicating with the intended server rather than an impostor. IKE is used in IPsec VPN negotiation to establish authenticated security associations. GRE is a tunneling protocol that encapsulates traffic but does not inherently provide encryption. SSH secures remote shell and administrative sessions, and can support tunneling, but it is not the protocol that secures HTTPS. TLS is central to modern web security because web applications, APIs, SaaS platforms, and identity providers depend on protected browser-to-server communication. However, TLS must be deployed correctly with valid certificates, strong protocol versions, and secure cipher suites. Reference/topics: Network Security 3.4, tunneling protocols including TLS, SSH, and IKE; Network Security 3.3, secure web access.

Batch 5 — Questions 56–70