Which disease process causes exudative ascites?

Exudative ascites is characterized by high protein content and cellular debris, typically resulting from infections (e.g., peritonitis, tuberculosis), malignancy, or inflammatory conditions. Transudative ascites is more commonly seen in conditions such as liver failure, renal failure, and hypoproteinemia due to changes in hydrostatic or oncotic pressure.

According to Light's Criteria:

“Infection and malignancy are common causes of exudative ascites, distinguished by high protein content and elevated LDH.”