Which of the information below can be gained through network sniffing?

Network sniffing is a technique used to capture and analyze packets traveling across a network. Through network sniffing, one can potentially gain access to a variety of sensitive information, depending on the protocols being used and the security measures in place.

Telnet Passwords (A): Telnet is an older protocol that transmits data, including login credentials, in clear text. This makes Telnet passwords particularly vulnerable to network sniffing1.

Syslog Traffic (B): Syslog is a standard for message logging. If not properly secured, syslog traffic can be intercepted, revealing system messages and metadata about network activities1.

DNS Traffic ©: DNS traffic includes queries and responses that can be captured to reveal which domains are being requested by users on the network. This can provide insights into user behavior and network structure1.

Programming Errors (D): While network sniffing can capture packets that may contain the results of programming errors, such as error messages or malformed packets, it does not directly reveal the programming errors themselves. Sniffing tools capture the traffic but do not analyze the code within the applications generating that traffic.

References: The information has been verified from the EC-Council’s resources on network sniffing and network defense strategies, which discuss the types of data that can be captured through sniffing and the implications for network security123.