Lina, a threat responder, uses the Nuix Adaptive Security tool to analyze alerts of suspicious...

The EC-Council Incident Handler (ECIH) curriculum explains that insider threat investigations frequently depend on endpoint monitoring and user behavior analytics (UBA/UEBA). In this case, the Nuix Adaptive Security tool captured screenshots, file metadata, and keystroke logs—forms of host-level monitoring that directly observe user activity on the endpoint.

User behavior analytics focuses on detecting deviations from normal patterns, such as sending attachments to unknown external addresses during non-business hours. ECIH identifies this as anomalous insider behavior indicative of potential data exfiltration. Endpoint monitoring tools provide detailed artifacts including screen captures, application usage logs, keystroke records, and file transfer metadata, which are critical for forensic analysis and evidence preservation.

Option B (SIEM event correlation) aggregates logs from multiple systems but does not typically capture screenshots or keystroke-level data. Option C (network forensics) focuses on packet captures and traffic analysis rather than user-level interaction evidence. Option D (host-based intrusion prevention systems) primarily block or detect malicious activity but do not provide comprehensive behavioral monitoring data like screenshots and keystroke logs.

ECIH emphasizes that insider threat cases rely heavily on behavioral indicators, digital activity reconstruction, and endpoint telemetry to determine intent and scope. Lina’s reliance on user activity reconstruction and endpoint-level artifacts clearly aligns with user behavior analytics and endpoint monitoring.

Therefore, the correct answer is User behavior analytics and endpoint monitoring.